浅析铁路建设项目竣工图编制标准化管理

竣工图是高速铁路建设国家档案验收的重要组成部分,影响着工程验收的质量.依据现行技术规范和实际经验,总结铁路建设项目竣工图编制中出现的关键问题,进而加强竣工图编制管理准标化,提高铁路建设项目档案验收质量.     

MODELING SOVEREIGN RISKS: FROM A HYBRID MODEL TO THE GENERALIZED DENSITY APPROACH

Motivated by the European sovereign debt crisis, we propose a hybrid sovereign default model that combines an accessible part taking into account the evolution of the sovereign solvency and the impact of critical political events, and a totally inaccessible part for the idiosyncratic credit risk. We obtain closed‐form formulas for the probability that the default occurs at critical political dates in a Markovian setting. Moreover, we introduce a generalized density framework for the hybrid default time and deduce the compensator process of default. Finally, we apply the hybrid model and the generalized density to the valuation of sovereign bonds and explain the significant jumps in long‐term government bond yields during the sovereign crisis.     

Winning us with trifles: Adverse selection in the use of philanthropy as insurance

Research Summary: We study the use of corporate philanthropy as a form of reputation insurance, developing a formal model of such insurance to examine how the terms of insurance in equilibrium change under different assumptions about the firm and its stakeholders. We then test the predictions from this model in the U.S. petroleum industry and find that philanthropic donations offer insurance‐like benefits, but are also positively associated with subsequent oil spills—firms that give more, spill more—with this association being stronger for spills that are under firms’ control and in states with low civic capacity. These results are consistent with an adverse selection/moral hazard equilibrium and suggest that the use of philanthropy as reputation insurance may benefit firms at the cost of society. Managerial Summary: Firms that donate to social causes develop a reputation for being socially responsible, and are often given the benefit of doubt when negative information about them comes to light. But are philanthropic firms truly more responsible? We argue that firms that donate more may be more likely to do harm—those that expect to do harm later are likely to give more now, and those that know their reputation protects them may become less careful. Evidence from the U.S. petroleum industry is consistent with this argument, with firms that give more having more subsequent oil spills, but only the type of spills that are under the firm's control, and only in states where the firm faces weaker scrutiny.     

Evaluation method of benefits and efficiency of grid investment in China: A case study

The existing evaluation system for power grid investment in China has not combined measures of the investment benefits and investment efficiency very well and it lacks practical reference value. This article proposes an improved evaluation index system of the benefits and efficiency of power grid investment projects. The system divides the evaluation method into indexes. This includes the basic indexes, modification indexes, and appraisal indexes that evaluate the economic and environmental benefits of the investment projects comprehensively. It considers the overall efficiency in terms of the economy, technology, and society. It combines an absolute efficiency evaluation model with a data envelope analysis relative efficiency evaluation model. Finally, the benefits and efficiency of investment of an actual power grid project are evaluated through a case study. The results show the practical value of the proposed efficiency evaluation method for evaluating investment projects in a power grid.     

Portfolio manager home-country culture and mutual fund risk-taking

I find that home-country culture affects portfolio managers’ investment risk-taking and performance. I focus on security value, which measures the degree to which people in a country assign importance to security, safety, and stability. Funds managed by managers from countries with higher security value exhibit lower fund return volatility, trade less frequently, and follow benchmarks more closely. These funds also tend to avoid lottery-type stocks and hence perform significantly better. However, the impact of home-country security value decays as managers spend more time away from their home countries.     

论农村闲置宅基地与农房收储的制度构建

农村闲置宅基地与农房收储制度是全面推进乡村振兴背景下盘活利用闲置宅基地与农房的前提和基础.目前,在深化宅基地制度改革中,仅有少数地区进行了探索,尚未形成系统的收储制度.闲置宅基地与农房收储的实践探索主要分为村集体主导和政府主导两种模式.闲置宅基地与农房收储制度应从制定收储指导意见、设置管理模式及机构、明确收储条件和补偿标准、强化收储资金保障、健全收储程序、完善收储监管与责任等方面进行系统构建.闲置宅基地与农房收储后可通过复垦复耕统筹使用,纳入集体经营性建设用地并入市流转,发展休闲农业和乡村旅游产业,兴办厂房、仓储或发展特色产业等路径,激活"沉睡"闲置的宅基地与农房,实现宅基地与农房由资产到资金的蜕变.     

基于IPA分析的西安江村沟垃圾填埋场 景观生态修复策略

通过对西安江村沟垃圾填埋场内及周边村民生活生产区共57处土壤进行实测与问卷调查，运用IPA分析方法，从村民景观生态感知角度出发，探讨村民对周边垃圾填埋场实际景观生态感知与期望之间的关系，以及影响村民景观生态感知的重要因素，得出景观生态满意度模型。对影响景观生态感知因素的重要性与满意度进行测量，同时生成IPA表现值与期望值，并以此为依据结合土壤实验结论，运用景观生态恢复技术，对垃圾填埋场的景观生态恢复提出了相关设计策略。     

民办院校有机化学实验多元化教学模式探索

民办院校把有机化学实验作为有机化学教学的重要组成部分,多元化教学模式主要从教学方法与手段、教学内容、学习方式、考评体系等方面进行多元化教学模式探索。建立以微课视频、翻转课堂、问题引导,依托基础性实验、综合型实验和创新型实验,依托多元化信息化的教学手段雨课堂、虚拟仿真情景模拟实验、超星尔雅平台,融合多种教学方法,结合“线下”翻转课堂,建立多元化教学模式。这种多元化教学模式能有效提高学生的学习主动性和创新能力。     

城镇化进程中“半城镇化”问题及对策探析

"半城镇化"是农业转移人口没有完全融入现代城市、处于一种"中间人"状态下的不彻底的城镇化。"半城镇化"使农民不能真正的融入城市;导致社会不公,易引发社会问题;使农村空心化,不利于农业现代化的实现;增加多方负担,不利于城市经济发展;虚抬城镇化率,不利于国家决策。破解"半城镇化"现象,必须改革户籍制度,打破户口束缚的藩篱;破除地方土地财政,转变经济发展方式;实施就地城镇化,让农民离土不离乡;加强对农民工的技能培训,提高就业竞争力。     

客户关系:私有还是共享

本文认为,由于企业自身与外部环境的影响,目前我国的客户关系处于一种私有化状态,使得作为企业整体资源的客户关系无法共享,造成了资源浪费与管理上的困难。考虑到客户关系私有的客观存在性、持久性以及由私有到共享的成本,应依据客户关系共享的成本收益情况,选择是否对其进行共享。文章提出,技术、管理和经济上的不同步是企业在客户关系共享化过程中遇到的一个突出问题,为解决这一问题,应对客户关系信息进行统一规范设计,实施客户关系共享激励政策,对客户关系信息共享设置权限管理,根据需要赋予不同人员不同的使用权限,加强协作式营销,实现客户关系的组织化管理。